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Metallo graphic specimen preparation of powder metallurgy (P/M) materials presents problems when the material is not compacted to full density by hot-isosta tic pressing. Some alloys are processed to full density like high-speed st eel tool steels\, nickel-base superalloys and Co-based alloys used for imp lants\, but many deliberately contain a considerable void content. The het erogeneity of the non-fully dense powder products\, the void content\, and the possibility of having elemental copper in the matrix makes preparing specimens difficult. Unlike fully dense metals and alloys\, which are typi cally easier to examine than their wrought equivalent due to their greater homogeneity\, additional steps are required to reveal the correct void co ntent and size.
\nMetallographic specimen preparation of powder metallurgy (P/M) m aterials presents problems when the material is not compacted to full dens ity by hot-isostatic pressing. Some alloys are processed to full density l ike high-speed steel tool steels\, nickel-base superalloys and Co-based al loys used for implants\, but many deliberately contain a considerable void content. The heterogeneity of the non-fully dense powder products\, the v oid content\, and the possibility of having elemental copper in the matrix makes preparing specimens difficult. Unlike fully dense metals and alloys \, which are typically easier to examine than their wrought equivalent due to their greater homogeneity\, additional steps are required to reveal th e correct void content and size.
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